Windows 2000 Server: Language and Locale

Language and locale settings are used to determine the language the computer will use. Windows 2000 supports many languages for the operating system interface and utilities.

Locale settings are used to configure the locality for items such as members, currencies, times, and dates. Examples of a locality are that English for United States specifies a short date as mm/dd/yyyy (month/day/year), and English for South Africa specifies a short date as yyyy/mm/dd (year/month/date).

Windows 2000 Server: How to join a domain

Domains are part of larger, centrally administrated networks. Install your computer as part of a domain if any Windows 2000 Server on your network are configured as domain controller with the Active Directory installed. To join a domain, you must specify the name of a valid domain and provide the username and password of a user who has rights to add a computer to the domain. Both a DC for domain and a DNS server must be available to authenticate the request to join the domain.

Windows 2000 Server: Membership in a Domain Workgroup

Once installation choice for Windows 2000 Server is whether your computer will be installed as a part of a workgroup or as part of a domain.

You should install as part of a workgroup if you are part of a small, decentralized network or if you are running Windows 2000 Sever on a non-networked computer. To join a workgroup, you simply choose that workgroup.

Windows 2000 Server: Per Seat Licensing

If your users access more than one server concurrently, choose Per Seat licensing. For example, if you have 10 users and two servers with Per Seat licensing, you will need to buy only 10 client licenses, called Client Access Licenses (CAL’s). Under Per Server licensing, each server would have to be licensed for 10 connections.

Windows 2000 Server: Per Server Licensing

You should choose Per Server licensing if your users access only one server at a time. For example, if you have 10 users and one server, Per Server will be less expensive.

Windows 2000 Server: Options for Licensing

When you install Windows 2000 Server, you are given the choice between Per Server or Per Seat licensing. Per Server licensing specifies the number of concurrent network connections that can be made to a server. Per Seat licensing specifies that each client will be licensed separately and that each client can access as many servers as it needs.

Windows 2000 Server: Licensing Mode

Licensing pays the good folks at Microsoft for all of the hard work they put into developing the Windows 2000 operating system. There are two main aspects to licensing. You pay for the local operating system, and you pay for client access. So if you are running Windows 2000 Server as your server and Windows 2000 professional and Windows 98 for your clients, you must license the appropriate operating system for each individual computer. You also license the access of network servers.

Windows 2000 Server: NTFS

NTFS is a file system designed to provide additional features for Windows NT and Windows 2000 computers. NTFS version 5 ships with Windows 2000. Following are some features of NTFS:

1 - Local security settings for files and folders

2 - Data compression to reduce disk storage requirements

3 - Disk quotas, which can be assigned to limit the amount of disk space a user can use

4 - File encryption, for an additional level of security

Unless you are planning to dual-boot your computer to an operating system other than Windows NT, Microsoft recommendations using NTFS.

Windows 2000 Server: Fat 32 Disadvantages

The disadvantages of FAT32 are that it lacks several of the features offered by NTFS for a windows 2000 system, such as local security, file encryption, disk quotas, and compression.

If you choose to use FAT, Windows 2000 will automatically format the partition with FAT16 if the partition is under 2GB. Partitions over 2GB will be automatically partitioned as FAT32.

Warning: Windows NT 4 and earlier releases of NT do not support FAT32.

Windows 2000 Server: Fat 32

Fat32 is the 32-bit version of FAT. It was first introduced in 1996 with Windows 95, OEM (original equipment manufacturer) Service Release 2 (OSR2). Fat32’s many advantages over FAT16 include the following:

1 - Disk partitions can be as large as 2TB (terabytes).

2 - More safeguards were added to provide fault tolerance in the event of disk failure.

3 - It improves disk-space by reducing cluster size.

Allam a Iqbal: Hangamoon ka Goristan hay

Verses of poem "goristan e shahi" by "Allama Iqbal"

Ah! jolan gah e aalam geer yani wo hisar
dosh per apnay udtha e senkarroon sadiyoon ka baar
zindagi say tha kabhi ab sunsan hay
yeh khamoshi is kay hangamoon ka goristan hay

Apnay sukkan e kohan ki khak ka dildada hay
koh kay sar per misal e pasiban istada hay

Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal

Windows 2000 Server: FAT16

FAT16 (originally just FAT) is the 16-bit file system widely used by DOS and Windows 3.x. Fat 16 tracks the storage location of files on a disk using a file allocation table and a directory entry table. With FAT, the table of directory entries keeps track of the location of the file’s first block, the filename and extension, the date and time stamps on the file, and any attributes associated with the file.

The disadvantages of FAT16 are that it only supports partitions up to 2GB and does not offer the security features of NTFS.

On the plus side, FAT16 is backward compatible, which is important if the computer will be dual booted with DOS or any other operating system. DOS, Unix, Linux, OS/2, Windows 3.1, and Windows 9x are compatible with FAT16.

Windows 2000 Server: File System Selection

Another factor that determines your disk-partitioning scheme is the type of file system you use. Windows 2000 Server supports three file systems: the File Allocation Table (FAT16), FAT32, and New Technology File System (NTFS).

Windows 2000 Server: Disk Partition Configuration Utilities

If you are partitioning your disk prior to installation, you can use several utilities, including the DOS or Windows FDISK program or a third-party utility such as PowerQuest’s Partition Magic. You might want to create only the first partition where Windows 2000 Server will be installed. You can the use the disk management utility in Windows 2000 to create any other partitions you need. The Windows 2000 disk Management utility is discussed in further posts.

Tip

You can get more information about FDISK and other disk utilities from your DOS or Windows documentation. Also basic DOS functions are covered in Windows 2000.

Windows 2000 Server: Special Disk Configurations

Windows 2000 Server supports several disk configurations. Options include simple, spanned, striped, mirrored, and RAID-5 volumes.

Tip

Remember, the system and boot partitions hold files that are the opposite of what their names imply. The system file contains the boot files, and the boot partition holds the operating system files.

Note

Windows 2000 Professional does not support mirrored and RAID-5 volumes. It does support simple, spanned, and striped dynamic volumes.

Windows 2000 Server: The Boot Partitions

The boot partition contains the files that are the Windows operating system. By default, the Windows operating system files are located in a folder named WINNT. You can, however, specify another location for this folder during the installation process. Microsoft recommends that the boot partition be at least 1GB.

Windows 2000 Server: The System Partitions

The system partition contains the files needed to boot the Windows 2000 Server operating system. The system partition files do not take any significant disk space. By default, the system partition uses the computer’s active partition, which is usually the C: drive.

Windows 2000 Server: The System and Boot Partitions

When you install Windows 2000, files will be stored in two locations:

The system partition

And

The boot partition

Windows 2000 Server: Recommendations

Just for Windows 2000 Server itself, Microsoft recommends that you allocate at least one GB of disk space. This allows room for the operating system files and for future growth in terms of upgrades, and for installation files that are placed with the operating system files.

Windows 2000 Server: Size Matters

One important consideration in your disk-partitioning scheme is determining the partition size. You need to consider the mount of space taken up by your operating system, the size of applications that will be installed, and the amount of stored data. It’s also important to consider future space requirements.

Windows 2000 Server: Partitioning of Disk Space

Disk partitioning is the act of taking the physical hard drive and creating logical partitions. Creating a logical drive is how space is allocated to the drive’s primary and logical partitions. Disk partitioning and logical drives are discussed in next pages. Following are some of the major considerations for disk partitioning.

1 - The amount of space required

2 - The location of the system and boot partition

3 - Any special disk configurations you will use

4 - The utility you will use to set up the partitions

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